FREDERICK WINSLOW TAYLOR

General Dates

• Taylor was an American mechanical engineer and economist American who sought to improve industrial efficiency.
• He is remembered as the father of scientific management and was one of the first management consultants.
• Taylor was born in 1856 to a wealthy Quaker family in Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
• Taylor study for two years in France and Germany and traveled Europe for eighteen months.
• Upon graduation, Taylor was accepted at Harvard Law. However, due to rapidly deteriorating eyesight, Taylor had to consider a alternative career. Taylor took night study at Stevens Institute of Technology and 1883 obtained a degree in Mechanical Engineering.
• On October 19, 1906, Taylor received an honorary degree of Doctor of Science by the University of Pennsylvania and eventually became a professor at the manager business at Dartmouth Collage.
• Late winter of 1915 Taylor caught pneumonia and one day afterhis fifty ninth birthday, on March 21, he died.

Peculiar Dates: Childhood and adolescence of Taylor

Taylor since his adolescence began to lose the eyesight, his body was weak and could not participate in the games that others organized like the baseball and tennis.

In his paper of spectator, he dedicated his life to conceive how to improve the yield of the physical effort wasted by the players by means of a suitable design more of the instruments used by them.

This attide would mark of by life him, for him the most important was to measure the effort, the place and the moveents to obtain the greater possible efficiency in the sports as in the production.

Taylor Philosophy:

• Science - nonempirismo
• Harmony - nondiscord
• Cooperation - nonindividualism
• Maximum production - restricted nonproduction
• The development of each person until her greater effectiveness and prosperity.

Scientific management:

Taylor believed that the industrial management of his day was amateurish, that management could be formulated as an academic discipline, and that the best results would come from the partnership between a trained and qualified management and a cooperative and innovative workforce. Each side needed the other, and there was no need for trade unions.

Taylor's scientific management consisted of four principles:
1. Replace rule-of-thumb work methods with methods based on a scientific study of the tasks.
2. Scientifically select, train, and develop each employee rather than passively leaving them to train themselves.
3. Provide "Detailed instruction and supervision of each worker in the performance of that worker's discrete task".
4. Divide work nearly equally between managers and workers, so that the managers apply scientific management principles to planning the work and the workers actually perform the tasks.

He is most remembered for developing the time and motion study and the standardization of tools. To study with a chronometer the required time to make each movement and to select the fastest way to use each tool of work and to eliminate the slow and useless movements and to select fastest and better.